Python Pillow (PIL) Module
Pillow is the friendly PIL (Python Imaging Library) fork. It adds image processing capabilities to your Python interpreter. It supports opening, manipulating, and saving many different image file formats.
Installation
pip install PillowImporting the Module
Although the library is installed as Pillow, you import it as PIL.
from PIL import ImageOpening and Showing Images
To load an image from a file, use the open() function in the Image module.
from PIL import Image
try:
img = Image.open("sample.jpg")
# Print image details
print(f"Format: {img.format}")
print(f"Size: {img.size}")
print(f"Mode: {img.mode}")
# Display the image (opens in default image viewer)
img.show()
except FileNotFoundError:
print("Image not found.")Basic Manipulations
Resizing
# Resize to 300x300 pixels
new_img = img.resize((300, 300))Rotating
# Rotate 90 degrees counter-clockwise
rotated = img.rotate(90)Cropping
The box is a 4-tuple defining the left, upper, right, and lower pixel coordinate.
box = (100, 100, 400, 400)
cropped = img.crop(box)Thumbnails
The thumbnail() method modifies the image in place to create a thumbnail version no larger than the given size, preserving aspect ratio.
img.thumbnail((128, 128))Image Filters
Pillow provides a number of predefined image enhancement filters.
from PIL import ImageFilter
blurred = img.filter(ImageFilter.BLUR)
sharpened = img.filter(ImageFilter.SHARPEN)Saving Images
Use the save() method to save images. You can convert formats by changing the file extension.
img.save("output.png")