Math Object
The Math object allows you to perform mathematical tasks on numbers. Unlike other global objects, Math is not a constructor. All properties and methods of Math are static.
1. Constants (Properties)
JavaScript provides 8 mathematical constants that can be accessed as properties of Math.
console.log(Math.PI); // 3.141592653589793
console.log(Math.E); // 2.718281828459045 (Euler's number)
console.log(Math.SQRT2); // 1.4142135623730951 (Square root of 2)2. Rounding Methods
There are four common methods to round a number to an integer:
Math.round(x): Returnsxrounded to its nearest integer.Math.ceil(x): Returnsxrounded up to its nearest integer.Math.floor(x): Returnsxrounded down to its nearest integer.Math.trunc(x): Returns the integer part ofx(removes decimals).
Math.round(4.6); // 5
Math.round(4.4); // 4
Math.ceil(4.1); // 5
Math.floor(4.9); // 4
Math.trunc(4.9); // 4
Math.trunc(-4.9); // -4 (Math.floor would return -5)3. Arithmetic Methods
Math.pow(x, y): Returns the value ofxto the power ofy.Math.sqrt(x): Returns the square root ofx.Math.abs(x): Returns the absolute (positive) value ofx.Math.sign(x): Returns -1, 0, or 1 depending on the sign.
Math.pow(8, 2); // 64
Math.sqrt(64); // 8
Math.abs(-4.7); // 4.74. Min and Max
Math.min() and Math.max() can be used to find the lowest or highest value in a list of arguments.
Math.min(0, 150, 30, 20, -8, -200); // -200
Math.max(0, 150, 30, 20, -8, -200); // 1505. Random
Math.random() returns a random number between 0 (inclusive), and 1 (exclusive).
Math.random(); // e.g., 0.123456789programming/javascript/vanilla/javascript programming/javascript/vanilla/data-types